The typical offshore wind farm has several components, as shown in Figure 1. The turbine is mounted on a tower, which is in turn mounted on a platform connected to the foundations.
The foundations may be a monopile sunk into the seabed, an anchored tripod, or a caisson (basket) filled with aggregate. The foundations may themselves be surrounded by rocks which protect them from the scouring action of currents.
A network of cables connects the individual turbines to a separate platform containing electrical switchgear and transformers which condition the power ready for transmission, along a cable to an onshore sub-station.
From the sub-station the power is conveyed directly into the onshore network. Other marine renewables may share similar electrical infrastructure as shown below
Figure 1. Typical wind farm and renewable energy device layout.
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